Vegetated ‘green’ or ‘living’ walls, supporting flowering plants, whichcan provide nectar and pollen to attract foraging insect pollinator species. Useful in urban areas when verges and open spaces are limited.

• These can be incorporated into new building design orretrofitted.
• Continuous or modular structures containing organic orinorganic growth media in which plants are rooted.
• Plants need to be carefully selected to support local pollinatorspecies, and are often selected based on locally rare flowerspecies that were once more abundant to replace dwindlinghabitat for pollinators.
• Pollinator walls often also contain insect ‘hotels’.
• For the system to be sustained, water and nutrients arerequired (which can be supplied using an automatedirrigation system).